ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the risk factors of underestimation from core needle biopsy (CNB) diagnosed ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to invasive cancer after surgical excision.Methods One hundred and fifteen cases of CNB diagnosed DCIS treated in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Fudan University from Jan.,2010 to Dec.,2016 were analyzed retrospectively.According to postoperative pathological conditions,the cases were divided into underestimation group and non underestimation group.The clinicopathological characteristics of two groups were compared,including age,palpability,tumor diameter,microcalcification,BI-RADS classification and CNB method.Results The overall underestimating rate was 27.0％ (31/115).Univariate analysis found correlation between a palpable lesion,diameter of tumor ＞20 mm,microcalcification,a high BI-RADS classification,use of the 14/16-gauge needle method and underestimation from CNB diagnosed DCIS.Multivariate analysis by Logistic regression showed that diameter of tumor ＞20 mm (OR =0.186,95％CI:0.043-0.810,P =0.025),microcalcification (OR=0.229,95％CI:0.070-0.749,P =0.015),use of the 14/16 gauge needle method (OR =0.171,95 ％ CI:0.043-0.679,P =0.012) were independent risk factors of underestimation from CNB diagnosed DCIS.Conclusions Size of lesion ＞20 mm,microcalcification,use of the 14/16-gauge needle method were independent risk factors of underestimation from CNB diagnosed DCIS.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the dynamic expression changes of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), nucler facter kappa B (NF-κB) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in myocardial tissue after an exhausted exercise and study the impact of p38MAPK, NF-κB and COX-2 on its myocardial damage.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty Wister male rats were randomly divided into the control group (n = 10) and the exhausted exercise group (n = 50). Then the exhausted exercise group was further divided into 5 subgroups, namely 0 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h after an exhausted exercise (n = 10). The myocardial injury animal model was set up by using an exhausted swimming exercise and the expression of p-p38MAPK, NF-κB and COX-2 were examined by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, the expression of p-p38MAPK were increased significantly (P < 0.01) in all the groups and the 3 h group was the highest( P < 0.01); The expression of NF-κB were increased significantly (P < 0.05) in all the groups but 0 h P > 0.05) and the 6h group was increased significantly compared with the other groups( P < 0.05); The expression of COX-2 were increased significantly( P < 0.05) in all the groups but 0 h and the 24 h groups was increased significantly compared with the other groups(P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>p38MAPK was activated in an acute exhausted exercise, p-p38MAPK may play an important role in modulating NF-κB and COX-2 expression and mediating the exhausted exercise induced myocardial damage.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Blotting, Western , Cyclooxygenase 2 , Metabolism , Fatigue , Myocardium , Pathology , NF-kappa B , Metabolism , Physical Conditioning, Animal , Rats, Wistar , Swimming , p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the dynamic changes of serum CK, CK-MB and myocardium histomorphology in different time periods after single bout and repeated exhausted exercise in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The animal models of myocardial injury were established by exhausted swimming. Creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase mass (CK-MB) activities in serum were measured immediately at 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 96 hours after exhausted exercise, and the dynamic changes of myocardial histopathology were examined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The CK, CK-MB activities were significantly increased immediately at 3, 6, 12 hours and peaked at 6 hours after single bout of exhausted exercise, meantime the degree of inflammatory cell infiltrate and strong acidophil staining were gradually increased in myocardium of rat, and the myocardial injury was most severe at 12 hours. After 1-week consecutive daily exhausted swimming, CK, CK-MB in serum were obviously increased immediately at, 3, 6, 12, 48 and 96 hours postexercise and peaked immediately and at 96 hours respectively postexercise. There were different degrees of myocardial injury in different time of recovery phase, and was most severe at 48 hours postexercise.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The myocardial injury was induced by excessive exercise and/or exhausted exercise, and the resulting delayed-onset myocardial injury was further certified.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Creatine Kinase , Blood , Creatine Kinase, MB Form , Blood , Fatigue , Blood , Myocardium , Pathology , Physical Exertion , Physiology , Rats, Wistar , Swimming , PhysiologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the protective effect of puerarin on stress-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The model of gastric ulcer was established by restraint plus water-immersion stress in rats. Gastric motility was monitored by the method of "Gas Balloon". Gastric mucosal blood flow was recorded by laser-Doppler flowmetry. Colorimetric method was used to determine the content of NO and ET in gastric mucosal tissue. Meantime the pathologic changes of gastric mucosal was examined.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Puerarin could significantly attenuated gastric mucosal damage induced by water-immersion stress, inhibited gastric motility, specially decreased the index of gastric motility and percentage of gastric contraction time and numbers of violent contraction. The gastric mucosal blood flow and NO level in gastric mucosal were enhanced, while ET level was reduced by puerarin. The degree of tissue damage in gastric mucosal was also significantly attenuated after administration fo puerarin.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Puerarin exerts a significant protective effect on water-immersion stress-induced gastric mucosal damage by relaxing the vessels, increasing NO level in gastric mucosal, increasing regional gastric mucosal blood flow and inhibiting gastric motility.</p>